Most sorption technologies act like a sponge or a filter, soaking up contaminants until they run out of surface area. 

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Technical and Regulatory Guidance (PFAS-1)
Section 12.2.1 (Sorption Technologies)
Describes the fundamental science behind sorption technologies and how they have been used for both ex situ and in situ water treatment applications.

Overview of Groundwater Remediation Technologies for MTBE and TBA (MTBE-1)
Section 4.1.6.1 (Liquid-Phase Adsorption Processes)
Provides and overview of Sorption Technologies such as granular activated carbon (GAC) and Resin Adsorption technologies.